"PS was originally manufactured from the brains of cows, and all the studies described here used this form. However, because animal brain cells can harbor viruses, that form is no longer available. Most PS today is made from soybeans or other plant sources. There are reasons to expect that plant-source PS should function very similarly to PS made from cows' brains, and some animal studies suggest that it is indeed effective. However, in preliminary trials, soy-based PS and cabbage-based PS failed to prove beneficial. PS has been proposed as a sports supplement. However, there is as yet no direct evidence to support the claims that PS actually helps athletes build their bodies up more quickly and with less training effort. Furthermore, the most recent and best-designed study, using vegetable-source PS, failed to find any effect on cortisol release or DOMS."

I took about 1/2 teaspoon twice a day for 5 weeks. I added it to my daily shakes - i have without doubt felt sharper and more clear headed - this is a great supplement for memory boost and I am sure it elevated my mood - the equiv in GNC is about 10 times the price - good job guys

"I recently started using this again - this time the MP stuff - and i'm loving the results. I have been using it only about 10 days now - 1/4 tsp in the morning, after training, and before bed (basically when cortisol levels are peaking). I've been quite lean for a while now, but always struggled to shift the tire around my belly, despite calorie restriction, extra cardio, cutting carbs, etc.. Since taking this stuff, i've definately noticed my 'roll' is starting to go. I've also noticed greater mental acuity, and less fatigue after dealing with stressful situations. My only minor issue is that it doesnt mix all that great, but a bit of stirring does it. It tastes neutral. I just wish MP would stock a higher extract, as i think the results would be even better ...."